breaking: green scare defendant rebecca rubin sentenced to five years in prison

In the name of the Animal Liberation Front (ALF) and the Earth Liberation Front (ELF), Rebecca Rubin liberated horses and helped burn down several facilities, including a ski resort in Vail, Colorado. The largest roundup of radical environmentalists in U.S. history subsequently began in December 2005, but Rubin and three others facing charges remained at large. In November 2012, Rubin finally surrendered to U.S. authorities at the Canadian border.

In October 2013, Rubin pled guilty to arson and conspiracy charges. She refused, however, to turn over the names of other people who were involved in the actions she took. This afternoon U.S. District Judge Ann Aiken sentenced Rubin to five years in prison and 200 hours of community service, declining to impose the two and a half year terrorism enhancement sought by the prosecution.

To discredit activists and justify repression, people label politically-motivated property destruction as terrorism. Yet any meaningful definition of terrorism must require an intentional use of physical violence directed against innocent people for ideological, political, or economic purposes. Rubin and other radical environmentalists involved in similar actions have been careful to avoid harming anyone, and in fact prevented others – at least temporarily – from harming animals and the natural world.

Unfortunately this has not prevented judges, including Judge Aiken, from imposing terrorism enhancements in the cases of Tre Arrow, Nathan Block, Marie Mason, Eric McDavid, Daniel McGowan, Briana Waters, and Joyanna Zacher.

green scare defendant rebecca rubin pleads guilty to arson and conspiracy charges

Today Rebecca Rubin pled guilty to arson and conspiracy charges, but refused to turn over the names of other people who were involved in the actions she took in the name of the Animal Liberation Front and Earth Liberation Front. She will serve at least five years in prison, with the exact amount of time to be decided by U.S. District Judge Ann Aiken at Rubin’s sentencing on January 27, 2014. The prosecution is apparently seeking a terrorism enhancement, which could mean an upward departure in Rubin’s sentence.

Rubin’s plea agreement was reached after many months of argument and discussion between Rubin’s attorney and the Assistant U.S. Attorney prosecuting the case. Plea bargaining now plays the central role in securing convictions and determining sentences in the U.S. criminal legal system. According to the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Lafler v. Cooper (2012),

criminal justice today is for the most part a system of pleas, not a system of trials. Ninety-seven percent of federal convictions and ninety-four percent of state convictions are the result of guilty pleas.

green scare fugitive rebecca rubin surrenders

Operation Backfire was a federal task force that investigated 20 politically-motivated arsons, committed by about the same number of activists, in five Western states between 1996 and 2001. The investigation fizzled out until one of the activists, heroin addict Jake Ferguson, became a government informant in 2003. This led to the largest roundup of radical environmentalists in U.S. history, beginning in December 2005; but four of those facing charges remained at large.

Yesterday Rebecca Rubin, one of the four, surrendered to U.S. authorities at the Canadian border. Rubin faces arson and conspiracy charges in Oregon, California, and Colorado for liberating horses and helping burn down several facilities, including a ski resort in Vail, Colorado, in the name of the Animal Liberation Front (ALF) and the Earth Liberation Front (ELF). According to a 2006 Rolling Stone article, “Vail was about to add almost 1,000 acres of new skiing terrain and twelve miles of roads in the last known habitat of the mountain lynx.”

As Matt Rasmussen wrote in an early 2007 Orion Magazine article about these activists, “history is full of social upheavals in which true believers decided the cause was so great that they would step beyond the boundaries of law.” Thankfully the people involved in these actions were careful to avoid harming anyone, and in fact prevented others – at least temporarily – from harming animals and the natural world. Rasmussen concluded as follows:

When I consider the ELF arsonists, I find myself thinking of the militant nineteenth-century abolitionist John Brown. … Over the course of decades, what was first considered lunacy and extremism came to be regarded as courage and righteousness. Years from now, when we have a clearer understanding of the full damage we have done to the Earth, is it possible the ELF arsonists will be remembered in similar fashion?